Skip navigation
Other publication

Amazon Footprint Report: Drivers of Amazon deforestation in agricultural supply chains

In the Amazon Footprint Report – launched at COP30 – SEI, Trase, WWF and Chalmers University lay out the drivers of Amazon deforestation in agricultural supply chains.

For the first time, multi-layered quantitative data is used to analyze the production impact of specific commodities on deforestation in the Amazon. Operating at a sub-national level, this granular understanding can empower (sub-)regional, national and international actors to support sustainable land-use and forest conservation in the region.

Chris West, Jo Cook, Simon Croft / Published on 17 November 2025
Citation

Singh, C., West, C., Pacheco, P., Croft, S., Cook, J., & Persson, U. M. (2025). Technical brief: Drivers of Amazon deforestation in agricultural supply chains. WWF. https://wwf.panda.org/es/?15295466/technical-brief-Footprint-report.

An aerial drone view of the Amazon rainforest. Dominating the shot is a rectangular area of land that has been cleared for logging. Piles of timber are arranged on bare brown earth.

Logging and agricultural commodity production are pushing the Amazon rainforest to its operating limits.

Photo: Tarcisio Schnaider / iStock / Getty Images Plus

The expansion of agriculture and unsustainable logging are pushing the Amazon region to its safe ecological-climatological operating limits. These problems are exacerbated by climate change. Deforestation has severe implications beyond forest loss: deforestation releases significant amounts of greenhouse gases, causes irreversible biodiversity loss and disrupts freshwater systems. Tackling commodity-driven deforestation is more urgent than ever.

Four key takeways are mentioned in the report: 

  1. Commodity production and its deforestation impacts are large-scale problems.
  2. Regional dynamics are important.
  3. Both domestic and international demand are important drivers for Amazon deforestation.
  4. Continued investment in data provision and transparency is critical.

Though the authors note some limitations to the data in the brief, the information provided can help to identify risks and opportunities for action. The data as it stands can also inform risk-based approaches in supply chain legislation and/or investments and management strategies for high-risk regions.

Report partners

SEI authors

Chris West

Professor and Trase Co-Director

SEI York

Jo Cook
Jo Cook

Research Associate

SEI York

Simon Croft

Research Fellow

SEI York