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Everybody stacks: Lessons from household energy case studies to inform design principles for clean energy transitions

Even households that have adopted cleaner-burning cookstoves complement them with biomass-fueled stoves in a practice called “stacking,” undermining health and environmental goals.

This article synthesizes 11 case studies of clean cooking programmes in low- and middle-income countries and proposes seven principles for clean cooking programme design and policy.

Rob Bailis / Published on 8 April 2020

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Citation

Shankar, A.V., Quinn, A.K., Dickinson, K.L., Williams, K.N., Masera, O., Charron, D., Jack, D., Hyman, J., Pillarisetti, A., Bailis, R., Kumar, P., Ruiz-Mercato, I. and Rosenthal, J.P. (2020). Everybody stacks: Lessons from household energy case studies to inform design principles for clean energy transitions. Energy Policy, 141. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111468

In all case studies explored in this study, researchers observed “significant” (28%–100%) stove stacking with traditional cooking methods. Various reasons for this include costs of clean fuel, mismatches between cooking technologies and household needs and unreliable fuel supply.

This study proposes that clean cooking programmes should emphasize the discontinuation of traditional stove use, not solely the adoption of cleaner stoves and fuels. Future energy policies and programmes should acknowledge the commonality of stacking and incorporate strategies at the design stage to help transition away from polluting stoves and fuels.

The seven principles for clean cooking programme design and policy presented here focus on a shift toward “cleaner stacking” that could yield household air pollution reductions approaching WHO targets.

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SEI author

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Rob Bailis

Senior Scientist

SEI US

Design and development by Soapbox.