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Forest fires, conflict, and disrupted landscapes

This chapter in A Research Agenda for Landscape Studies of Planning explores how wildfires expose underlying social and environmental conflicts in landscape governance. It highlights how fire disrupts landscapes both physically and emotionally, challenging perceptions of landscapes as neutral spaces and revealing contested values and power asymmetries in planning processes.

Andrew Butler, Annette Löf / Published on 18 June 2025
Citation

Butler, A., & Löf, A. (2025). "5: Forest fires, conflict, and disrupted landscapes". In A Research Agenda for Landscape Studies of Planning. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. Retrieved Jun 18, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.4337/9781803929705.00010

Photo: Annette Löf / SEI

Field visit to a past wildfire site near Sonfjället with a range of experts including Sámi community members and herders, Sámi archaeologists, and ecologists. Through walking the post-fire landscape together, participants explored wildfire impacts on Sámi lands, including the loss or exposure of cultural traces such as scarred trees and old hearths. The visit supported learning and co-production of knowledge, especially in areas where official documentation of Sámi heritage sites remains limited and fragmented.

Photo: Annette Löf / SEI

Since the mid 2010s, forest fires have increased in frequency and severity, reshaping landscapes globally. While often viewed as merely physical disruptions by outsiders, for those intimately connected to these landscapes, fire causes disruption to access, tarnishes memories, and severs emotional ties. Drawing on two Swedish cases, this chapter reveals how fires unveil historical conflicts and ignite new tensions. The first case explores the clash between regional and national conservation efforts and local landscape values post-fire. The second delves into the subordination of Sámi herding communities’ values, usurped by the landscape of foresters. As climate-induced landscape changes escalate, understanding fire’s role in exposing embedded conflicts becomes crucial for landscape planning. This chapter underscores the need to research extreme landscape events such as fires in order to reveal underlying tensions, challenging the notion of landscapes as neutral spaces and urging a deeper examination of their complexities.

A Research Agenda for Landscape Studies of Planning explores the complex and contested role that landscape plays in planning. It promotes theoretically driven, pluralistic research to enrich understanding of the landscape-planning interplay, examining how the broader discipline of landscape studies can complement and critique the dominant field of landscape science.

SEI authors

Annette Löf
Annette Löf

Senior Research Fellow

SEI Headquarters

Topics and subtopics
Land : Land use / Climate : Disaster risk
Related centres
SEI Headquarters
Regions
Sweden