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Who is responsible for addressing transboundary climate risks to Nordic trade and food security?

The Nordic countries, heavily reliant on global trade, are increasingly vulnerable to climate change impacts abroad. However, national policies and business practices often overlook these transboundary climate risks. This brief, published by the Nordic Council of Ministers, identifies challenges and proposes solutions for tackling the issue.

Citation

Mikaelsson, M.A, Harris, K., Kappe, K., & Klein, R.J.T. (2025). Who is responsible for addressing transboundary climate risks to Nordic trade and food security? Policy Brief. Publication number 2025:008. Nordic Cuncil of Ministers, Copenhagen. https://www.norden.org/en/publication/policy-brief-who-responsible-addressing-transboundary-climate-risks-nordic-trade-and

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This policy brief distils insights from recent Nordic research on TCRs to support policy-makers in developing effective actions to enhance the resilience of the region’s economy and food supplies. Any such effort will require close cooperation with the private sector, and the brief also addresses businesses’ concerns and identifies proactive measures to mitigate global supply-chain risks. It sets out key challenges and potential solutions:

Key challenges:

  • Diffuse risk ownership:  TCRs are dispersed across multiple jurisdictions, sectors and value chains, adding far more complexity than conventional direct or domestic climate risks.

  • A lack of business preparedness: Limited awareness and action from businesses.

  • Policy gaps: National policies often overlook TCRs.

  • Siloed approaches to adaptation: Current adaptation approaches do not recognise the need for cross-cutting actions that use multiple policy tools across diverse sectors

Suggested solutions:

  • Strengthening Nordic and international cooperation

  • Improving risk assessments

  • Promoting public-private partnerships to enhance resilience.

SEI authors

Mikael Allan Mikaelsson
Mikael Allan Mikaelsson

Policy Fellow

SEI Headquarters

Katy Harris
Katy Harris

Senior Policy Fellow

SEI Headquarters

Kira Kappe
Kira Kappe

Research Associate

SEI Headquarters

Richard J.T. Klein
Richard J.T. Klein

SEI Affiliated Researcher

SEI Oxford

Topics and subtopics
Climate : Adaptation / Economy : Supply chains
Related centres
SEI Headquarters
Regions
Nordics