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Global methane assessment: benefits and costs of mitigating methane emissions

The Global Methane Assessment released by the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), with support from SEI researchers, shows that human-caused methane emissions can be reduced by up to 45% this decade. Such reductions would avoid nearly 0.3°C of global warming by 2045 and would be consistent with keeping the Paris Climate Agreement’s goal to limit global temperature rise to 1.5˚C, within reach.

Citation

United Nations Environment Programme and Climate and Clean Air Coalition (2021). Global Methane Assessment: Benefits and Costs of Mitigating Methane Emissions. Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme.

Reducing human-caused methane emissions is one of the most cost-effective strategies to rapidly reduce the rate of warming and contribute significantly to global efforts to limit temperature rise to 1.5°C. Available targeted methane measures, together with additional measures that contribute to priority development goals, can simultaneously reduce human-caused methane emissions by as much as 45%, or 180 million tonnes a year (Mt/yr) by 2030. This will avoid nearly 0.3°C of global warming by the 2040s and complement all long-term climate change mitigation efforts. It would also, each year, prevent 255 000 premature deaths, 775 000 asthma-related hospital visits, 73 billion hours of lost labour from extreme heat, and 26 million tonnes of crop losses globally.

The findings in this assessment are the result of modelling that uses five state-of-the-art global climate models to evaluate changes in the Earth’s climate system and surface ozone concentrations, following reductions in methane emissions. Modelling results enable the rapid evaluation of the impacts from methane emissions, and the benefits from mitigation strategies to the climate and ground-level ozone formation, air quality, public health, agricultural and other development benefits.

The assessment results are also available in a web-based decision support tool that allows users to input different methane emission reduction goals to calculate the multiple benefits at a national level.

About CCAC

The Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) is an international partnership working to protect the climate and improve air quality through actions to reduce short-lived climate pollutants, including methane, black carbon, tropospheric ozone, and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). The Coalition has 71 state partners and 78 non-state partners. On methane, it has initiatives in all three major emitting sectors: oil and gas, waste, and agriculture. The Coalition’s Secretariat is hosted by UNEP.

About UNEP

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is the leading global voice on the environment. It provides leadership and encourages partnership in caring for the environment by inspiring, informing and enabling nations and peoples to improve their quality of life without compromising that of future generations.

SEI authors

Johan C.I. Kuylenstierna

Reader / Research Leader

SEI York

Eleni Michalopoulou

Research Associate

SEI York

Chris Malley

Senior Research Fellow

SEI York

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