At the policy level, the book identifies some of the lacunae like property rights and the linkages between property rights and collective action.

As far as the implementation of the programme is concerned, the book emphasizes that the core philosophy of the policy makers dealing with natural resources has not changed despite numerous changes at the macro level.

The livelihoods analysis brings out the fact that watershed management is a necessary but not a sufficient condition to sustain rural livelihoods in a wider context. But, it holds the potential for enhanced livelihood security even in the given geo-climatic conditions where watershed cannot bring direct irrigation benefits on a large scale.

The institutional framework stresses the importance of policy and political environments for institutional innovation and sustainability.