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Journal article

Particulate matter concentrations in UK schools: a nationwide study into the influence of ambient PM2.5 and the resulting exposure potentials

part of Indoor air quality

Particulate matter (PM) is linked to multiple negative health impacts, especially PM2.5  (PM smaller than 2.5 μm), which can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream. Children are even more vulnerable to these impacts as they breathe in more air relative to their size than adults. The authors of this paper analysed concentrations of PM2.5 in UK schools, using data gathered by the SAMHE (Schools’ Air Quality Monitoring for Health and Education) project.

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Citation

Handy, A. E. E., Wood, S. G. A., Roberts, K., Malley, C. S., Burridge, H. C., & The SAMHE Project Consortium. (2025). Particulate matter concentrations in UK schools: a nationwide study into the influence of ambient PM2.5 and the resulting exposure potentials. Science of The Total Environment, 970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178875.

Teacher and primary school children in a classroom.

Primary school classroom.

Photo: 10’000 Hours / Getty Images

Children spend around 30% of their time in schools. Given their vulnerability to the impacts of air pollution, understanding the state of air quality in schools is important to enhance health and education outcomes.

The authors of this paper analysed the concentration of particulate matter PM2.5 from monitors deployed by the SAMHE project to 490 schools across the UK throughout the academic year 2023–24.

Highlights

  • School PM2.5 concentrations are closely correlated to ambient outdoor PM2.5 concentrations.
  • Outdoor air is a key source of PM2.5 in the schools monitored.
  • Outdoor PM2.5 events – periods of elevated outdoor PM2.5 concentration – lead to high concentrations in schools.
  • The potential exposure of PM2.5 received during these events is estimated to contribute significantly to the total received over the academic year.

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SEI authors

Chris Malley

Senior Research Fellow

SEI York

Sarah West

Professor and Centre Director

SEI York

Lucy Way

Project Manager

SEI York

Sam Bland
Sam Bland

Technical Specialist Software Engineer (RSE)

SEI York

Rhys Archer

Research Associate

SEI York

Douglas Wang

Technical Specialist Software Developer

SEI York

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Science of The Total Environment Closed access
Topics and subtopics
Air : Pollution / Health : Pollution
Related centres
SEI York
Regions
United Kingdom