SEI’s work on artificial intelligence brings together research, tools and policy insights from across our global centres, highlighting our unique perspective on AI for environmental and societal sustainability.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is evolving rapidly and unevenly methodologies and applications. We are living through a pivotal moment, where socio-technological advances stand in stark contrast to climate crises, biodiversity loss, anti-democratic movements, deepening inequalities and entrenched unsustainable systems.
The EU AI Act (Art. 3) defines AI systems as machine-based systems that operate with varying autonomy, adapting post-deployment and generating outputs – predictions, content, recommendations or decisions – that influence real or virtual environments. AI is thus often framed through hardware and algorithms that, after data-intensive learning phases, enable (among other things):
Driven by recent breakthroughs, AI development – though often rooted in long-standing algorithmic methods – has accelerated, raising both hope and concern. Among the key debates is AI’s dual role in environmental issues: it can enhance climate forecasting, support decarbonization across sectors (agriculture, industry, mobility, energy, etc.), and deepen understanding of geophysical systems. Yet, AI systems also impose significant environmental costs – energy, water and critical mineral use, emissions, alongside low component recyclability. From a societal lens it also stands to exacerbate inequality and extractive discourses around “ghost” labour employed in data annotation and filtering.
Since 2023, SEI’s taskforce has been building internal capacity at the intersection of AI, digitalization, automation and sustainability science. We have fostered a community of practice around ethical, responsible AI, with a focus its environmental and societal impacts.
As a global sustainability science leader, SEI is now a go-to hub for sustainable AI research and policy. We remain committed to advancing science and innovation in this field – especially vital amid todays’ geopolitical shifts and compounding global crises.
Feature / SEI Scientist William Babis discusses how AI can support sustainable supply chains and its risks and opportunities for decarbonization efforts.
23 July 2025 / About Public policy
Perspective / AI-powered monitoring tools offer early-warning insights to policymakers and communities to conserve the wetlands of the shared Meghna River Basin.
23 July 2025 / About Water resources
Perspective / SEI's Stefan Bößner and Huiling Zhu discuss the implications of their work on AI-supported analysis of energy transition policies in China and Southeast Asia.
24 June 2025 / About Climate policy
SEI podcast / Explore emerging technology solutions in sustainable development in this Currents in sustainability podcast featuring Kelly Levin and SEI experts.
5 February 2025 / Currents in sustainability / Innovation
Feature / Understanding global megatrends and utilizing foresight methods are crucial for planning sustainable transitions.
18 July 2024 / About Adaptation, Mitigation and Public policy
Media coverage / SEI's Somya Joshi speaks to CNBC about the balance between innovation, AI and sustainable resource management.
8 December 2023 / About Climate policy, Geopolitics, Public policy and Water resources
Perspective / As scientific facts become politically charged battlegrounds, this piece explores how science communication can continue to make an impact.
4 December 2023 / About Climate policy
Feature / A recent study led by Björn-Ola Linnér and Marie Francisco explores AI’s various applications and the accompanying potential risks and benefits.
13 October 2023 / About Geopolitics, Innovation and Participation
Feature / Henrik Carlsen, Fredrik Heintz and experts discuss artificial intelligence, emerging technologies and the SDGs in this film produced by Mistra Geopolitics.
22 December 2022 / About Innovation and Sustainable Development Goals
Perspective / This perspective explores the issue of artificial intelligence as a tool to address climate change and as a force with the potential to affect social equity.
20 December 2022 / About Geopolitics, Innovation and Participation
Feature / A new collaboration aims to more comprehensively explore permafrost thaw, which is essential for understanding the speed of climate change.
8 April 2021 / About Adaptation, Innovation and Mitigation
Feature / What can be done to ensure that drones, AI and other technologies make environmentally sustainable choices?
12 October 2021 / About Bioeconomy and Supply chains
Journal article / This paper argues AI should be governed as a global commons, with coordinated regulation across social, planetary, and safety domains.
10 March 2026 / About Innovation
Journal article / This position statement advocates for the responsible use of AI and automation in evidence synthesis.
11 November 2025
Other publication / Via the lens of four scenarios, diverse governance and energy mixes show how best to prepare a secure and sustainable future.
7 November 2025 / About Planning and modelling
SEI brief / A pilot study explores the promise and limitations of AI tools to deliver accurate, consistent policy analysis at scale, through the SEI AI Reader.
21 August 2025 / About Climate policy, Innovation and Public policy
Perspective / AI-powered monitoring tools offer early-warning insights to policymakers and communities to conserve the wetlands of the shared Meghna River Basin.
23 July 2025 / About Water resources
SEI report / This report analyses how just energy transitions figure into the policies of southeast Asian countries and China.
24 June 2025 / About Climate policy, Fossil fuels and Public policy
Journal article / A large language model performed well when used for title and abstract eligibility screening of scientific articles and within a (systematic) literature review.
2 June 2025 / About Behaviour and choice and Renewables
Journal article / Navigating a “disjoint in time” in the transformation of information via the adoption of AI requires a nuanced approach that considers the global commons.
3 June 2025 / About Innovation
Other publication / This Roadmap for AI Policy Research outlines key priorities for advancing research that strengthens AI governance and human-centered AI.
18 March 2025 / About Innovation
Other publication / The 2024 PNAI report explores AI governance, with insights from SEI’s Somya Joshi on sustainability and interoperability.
18 March 2025 / About Innovation
SEI brief / Get a summary of a UNEP foresight workshop, focused on future scenarios for the environment and human development in the Asia-Pacific region up to 2050.
15 March 2024 / About Finance, Public policy and Wellbeing
Journal article / This perspective article examines the opportunities and risks of combined AI-EO technologies, focusing on their application in forestry.
22 August 2024 / About Forests and Sustainable Development Goals
Other publication / The Navigating New Horizons 2024 report by UNEP and ISC identifies and assesses 18 signals of change and potential disruptions on the horizon.
15 July 2024 / About Innovation
Journal article / The authors examine the potential of AI to accelerate and improve evidence synthesis in conservation.
3 June 2024
Journal article / The development of artificial intelligence has likely reached an inflection point, with implications for research in climate scenarios.
19 January 2024 / About Climate policy, Disaster risk and Mitigation
Journal article / The world should redouble its efforts on the SDGs, not abandon them. Here’s how to accomplish the UN’s agenda by 2050.
17 June 2024 / About Sustainable Development Goals
Journal article / Despite growing interest in and deployment of AI technologies in domains critical for sustainability, few researchers have explored the possible systemic risks.
17 September 2021 / About Business, Innovation, Supply chains and Sustainable lifestyles
Other publication / The report discusses the adoption of AI for water-related sustainable development.
28 April 2020 / About Sustainable Development Goals and Water resources
Other publication / Environmental governance of supply chains is growing in importance and can be improved by new global frameworks, better working conditions and digitalization.
18 May 2022 / About Innovation, Supply chains and Sustainable lifestyles
Tool / A sophisticated Machine Learning tool, designed to act as your ally in assessing the alignment of projects, policies, and actions with the SDGs and more.
About Finance, Innovation and Sustainable Development Goals
Tool / Trase enables governments, companies and others to address the environmental impacts of supply chains.
About Forests and Supply chains
Project / This project develops a tool for AI-powered text analysis to be tested in systematic evidence synthesis reviews of research and policy papers.
2024 / About Innovation
Project / Using innovative technologies we are investigating new methods to measure and monitor soil organic carbon stocks quickly and at scale.
2021 / About Adaptation, Innovation and Mitigation
Tool / The Climate Connectivity Hub a search-and-discovery tool on disaster risk reduction, climate change adaptation, and climate change mitigation.
About Adaptation and Disaster risk
Project / The FAIR2Adapt project seeks to improve the accessibility and interoperability of data needed to inform climate change adaptation efforts.
2025 - 2027 / About Adaptation
This high-level event, co-organized by SEI and the Stockholm Center on Global Governance (SCGG) at Stockholm University explored how AI is shaping global governance, with a focus on sustainability and equity.
Leading experts, policymakers and researchers, including SEI’s Somya Joshi, discussed the opportunities and risks of AI in decision-making and global policy.
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Hosted by SEI’s Jane Birch, this University of York-led panel brought together experts including SEI’s Steve Cinderby to explore how AI can be harnessed for climate action and broader social good, while addressing its environmental and ethical challenges.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) presents tremendous opportunities to enhance SEI’s mission. At the same time, it introduces significant and novel risks to our organization, as well as to our research and engagement activities.
As a data-driven organization, we recognize that advancements in AI can unlock exciting new possibilities for optimization and efficiency. However, without proper due diligence, the use of AI can compromize the quality of our work, spread misinformation and erode trust.
To address these challenges and opportunities, SEI has established an AI taskforce. This group is tasked with continuously monitoring developments in the field, developing new approaches, and advising the organization on best practices for the ethical and responsible use of AI.
We have also developed internal guidance – maintained as a living document – that outlines how SEI colleagues should and should not use AI across areas such as data collection and management, publications, HR and communications. We continue to learn from others and are happy to share this guidance upon request.














